how to programmatically obtain a list of "caught" packets using wireshark?

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I don’t know yet how I will do it. I want to figure out what the typical IoT packages look like. And come up with some rules to distinguish them.

And how will you capture the IoT traffic? If on a switched network you'll need to capture on the switch, or by spanning a port on it. If on a WiFi network, can your capture hardware see all the channels and modulation schemes in use? What happens if the traffic is encrypted, e.g. TLS?

Maybe you should be looking at something like nmap to actively scan for devices, rather than hoping to capture random traffic and interpret it.

I want to get this list using Wireshark. And those packets that are encrypted or not defined, I will put off in a separate list.