Can Wireshark trace a text from a VOIP number

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Actually if you have a non encrypted connection you can read the detail from the packets. For example with SIP you can learn a lot from the INVITE packet for example.

Wireshark can be configured to search a local GEOIP database for IP addresses locality, and DNS lookup on the Internet. It doesn't have access to CNAM database. If the call setup in clear-text, then some information will be there. A big problem with VOIP calls, is the calling party information could be spoofed. The source IP address, the calling number and information are not checked.