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Take a packet capture on your remote server while you try to connect on port 25. It's possible to take a remote ssh capture if you have tcpdump installed on the server and then save it locally (something like this).
Then once you have the capture, search for your IP address and the RST/ACK frame. The filter will be something lie this:
$PUBLIC_IP = [the public IP you are accessing from]
ip.dst==$PUBLIC_IP and tcp.flags.ack and tcp.flags.rst
If you see traffic on this filter, that means that your server does not want to connect (and start doing server-side troubleshooting). On the other hand, if you see these RST/ACKs on your accessing computer but not the remote server, you should talk to your ISP.
