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The meaning of any checksum, whether it is at the UDP layer or any other layer is to detect errors in the data. When data is transported over a physical medium, some bits might get flipped creating invalid data. The checksum is a mechanism to detect that and to discard the data if it got corrupted.
[unverified] means Wireshark did not verify the UDP checksum. Which is the default preference in the UDP protocol preferences. This is because a lot of systems do checksum offloading which means the checksum of outgoing packets when captured on a system itself will have bad checksums (as they are not calculated yet).